Module Code: BIO00076H Examination Candidate Number: UNIVERSITY of York E m E BSc Degree Examinations 2020-21 Department: BIOLOGY Title of Exam: Human genetics Time Allowed: 24 Hours (PLEASE NOTE: Late papers will not be marked)* *Submissions up to 30 minutes late will be marked but will receive a 5% mark penalty. * Submissions 30 minutes late or more will not be marked and will be considered a non-submission. Time Recommended: Word limit: Please answer the questions within the line limit stated. Content beyond the line limit will not be marked. Allocation of Marks: Total marks available for this paper: 100 The marks available for each question are indicated on the paper. Instructions for Candidates: All questions should be answered on this question paper using minimum font size Arial 11. Each question should be answered within the stated line limit. Do not adjust the margin width.
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1) It is generally thought that the Pacific islands were colonised by modern humans from Asia moving eastwards across the Pacific Ocean. Researchers have genotyped 800 individuals from 10 Pacific Islands (A to J) and 12 Native American populations (1 to 12) at 690,000 genome-wide SNPs. a) Map showing the locations of the sampled populations. b) STRUCTURE clustering analysis of all individuals from the sampled populations, together with representative samples from Europe and Africa. Each colour represents a different genetic cluster, with vertical bars showing membership in a cluster for each individual. J1 and J2 represent samples taken from