Information Criticality (Workshop 8) Critique and Reflexivity Recap . Theory & practice of methods · Theory: - objective (positivism) vs subjective (interpretivism) • Practice: - secondary & primary data collection techniques, including strategies for access & sampling - Qualitative & quantitative & mixed - data analysis techniques, including coding strategies · Ethics & governing principles and what makes 'good, useful qualitative research' · Appraising qualitative research and the problems with generic criteria for evaluating methods Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Self-actualization Esteem Love/belonging Safety morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others friendship, family, sexual intimacy security of: body, employment. resources, morality. the family, health, property breathing, food, water, sex, steep, homeostasis, excretion Physiological 1. Critique Noun: · A detailed analysis and assessment of something Verb: · To evaluate (a theory or practice) in a detailed and analytical way.
What does it mean to be CRITICAL ?? To challenge assumptions Not in an exclusively negative manner The intent is to end up with something stronger Critical Thinking: Critical Theory Certain groups in society dominate and control other groups in ways that are fundamentally manipulative, unfair and exploitative. Post-Positivism Challenges the way in which the world is viewed and understood 'objectively' and sees the world as complex, subject to multiple versions of truth. (i.e. interpretivism). Postmodernism fixed. 'Nothing is certain' the 'way things are' is emergent, subjective, contestable, not Critical Management Studies Challenges the way we view management and the ‘management' role. Writing to critique - Criteria to evaluation · Accuracy of information · Definition of key terms (or lack of) · Hidden assumptions · Clarity of language · Fairness · Logic and organization · Common fallacies: - Name-calling, hasty generalizations, over-simplification, emotional language, black/white and either/or fallacy, bandwagon appeal Reflexivity Reflexive & reflective practitioners as a way of setting qualitative research apart. · Reflexive · Different to Reflective Reflexivity: How did that work out? And why? What's my role in the outcome
2 considerations: 1. Our own, individual relationship to the world (how you view it, your biases etc.) 2. Other people's individual relationships to the world -multiple relationships to the world - (how they each view it, their biases etc.) - Also - how each influences the other (they do not stand alone) Your discussion 1. Your reflexivity - Where did your view come from? - How did you influence others? 2. Your colleagues reflexivity - How did others influence you? Being "reflexive" · Important especially in qualitative methods · The researcher acknowledging their role in the production of knowledge. · Being reflexive - acknowledging your own view on what you are studying (bias, for example) and how that leads to you ask certain questions, collect certain data and come to certain conclusions. Gibbs' Reflective cycle · to challenge your assumptions · to explore different/new ideas and approaches towards doing or thinking about things · to promote self-improvement (by identifying strengths and weaknesses and taking action to address