Exploring the Properties of Gases
The purpose of this investigation is to conduct a series of experiments, each of which illustrates a different gas law. You will be given a list of equipment and materials and some general guidelines to help you get started with each experiment. Four properties of gases will be investigated: pressure, volume, temperature, and number of molecules. By assembling the equipment, conducting the appropriate tests, and analyzing your data and observations, you will be able to describe the gas laws, both qualitatively and mathematically.
MATERIALS
Vernier computer interface
Computer
Large-volume container for water bath (at least 10 cm in diameter and 25 cm high)
125 mL Erlenmeyer flask
From the stock room:
Vernier Gas Pressure Sensor
Temperature Probe
20 mL gas syringe
plastic tubing with two Luer-lock connectors
rubber stopper assembly with two-way valve
Pre-lab assignment:
Review each of the two parts of this experiment before starting your work. You will need to decide the best way to conduct the testing, so it is wise to make some plans before you begin.
In each part of the experiment, you will investigate the relationship between two of the four possible variables, the other two being constant. In this pre-lab exercise, sketch a graph that describes your hypothesis as to the mathematical relationship between the two variables; e.g., direct relationship or inverse relationship. Example of direct relationship: V∑T. Example of inverse relationship: P∑ 1/V
Part I Pressure, P, and volume, V (temperature and number of molecules constant).
Part II Pressure, P, and absolute temperature, T (volume and number of molecules constant).