1 g of ice at 0^∘ C is mixed with 1 g of steam at 100^∘ C. After thermal equilibrium is attain

step 1 Hello students in this question we have one gram of ice at 0 degree centigrade which is mixed wi

1 g of ice at 0^∘ C is mixed with 1 g of steam at 100^∘ C....

$1 \mathrm{~g}$ of ice at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is mixed with $1 \mathrm{~g}$ of steam at $100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. After thermal equilibrium is attained, the temperature of mixture will be : (a) $1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ (b) $50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ (c) $81^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ (d) $100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

$1 \mathrm{~g}$ of ice at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is mixed with $1 \mathrm{~g}$ of steam at $100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. After thermal equilibrium is attained, the temperature of mixture will be :
(a) $1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(b) $50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(c) $81^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(d) $100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

Key Concepts

Energy Conservation in Phase Changes

Conservation of energy is the principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. In a system involving phase changes, energy is conserved by balancing the energy released during one phase change (e.g., condensation of steam) with the energy absorbed during another (e.g., melting of ice or heating water). This balance is crucial in determining the final temperature of the system after equilibrium is reached.

Thermal Equilibrium

Thermal equilibrium is reached when all parts of a system have the same temperature and no net energy transfer occurs between them. In problems like this, the concept of thermal equilibrium is used to determine the final state of the system after mixing substances at different temperatures and phases. The analysis involves ensuring that the heat lost by the hotter substance equals the heat gained by the colder substance, adjusted for any energy associated with phase transitions.

Latent Heat

Latent heat refers to the energy required for a substance to change its phase at a constant temperature without changing its temperature. In the context of this problem, latent heat is key in understanding how much energy is needed to melt ice (latent heat of fusion) and how much energy is released when steam condenses (latent heat of vaporization). This concept allows us to analyze energy exchanges in phase transitions.

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius. It is important in this context because, aside from phase changes, parts of the system may need to change temperature, and knowing the specific heat capacity assists in calculating the energy involved in heating or cooling the substance within its current phase.

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