2-Aminopropane is an achiral molecule, but 2 -aminobutane is chiral. Explain.

Name: Problem 19, Chapter 14: Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2022-02-03T04:40:48-08:00
Duration: 4 min 46 s
Channel: Rabia Bibi
Description: 2-Aminopropane is an achiral molecule, but 2 -aminobutane is chiral. Explain.

step 1 So we'll discuss the design question. The question is 2 aminopropine is in a chiral molecule, bu

2-Aminopropane is an achiral molecule, but 2 -aminobutane is...

Key Concepts

Substituent Diversity

Substituent diversity refers to the condition where a central carbon is bonded to four unique groups. This diversity is key for the formation of a stereocenter and thus for a molecule's chirality. If two or more of the bonded groups are the same, the central carbon will not be a stereocenter, and the molecule will exhibit symmetry, making it achiral.

Stereocenter

A stereocenter, often a carbon atom, is the atom at which the interchange of two groups produces a stereoisomer. Its presence is crucial for chirality. In a molecule where the central carbon is attached to four different substituents, the lack of symmetry results in a chiral center, whereas the presence of identical substituents on the same carbon will cancel out chirality.

Chirality

Chirality is the property of a molecule that causes it to exist in two non-superimposable mirror image forms. This arises when a molecule contains a carbon atom, known as a stereocenter, that is bonded to four different groups. Such molecules cannot be made to coincide with their mirror images, which leads to the existence of distinct enantiomers.

Transcript

00:01 So we'll discuss the design question.

00:03 The question is 2 aminopropine is in a chiral molecule, but 2 amino butane is chirol explain.

00:11 So first we'll discuss what is chiral molecule.

00:14 Chiral molecule.

00:20 Chiral molecule are those molecules, which is non -super impossible mirror image.

00:29 Non -super impossible mirror image.

00:43 Which cannot be superimposed on its mirror image that is called chiral molecule our molecule which central atom containing four different groups are surrounded by surrounded by four different groups central atom surrounded by surrounded by four and different groups different groups are atoms that is called a chiral molecule so here in a chiral molecule is the opposite of the chiral molecule, a chiral, which is asymmetric carbon.

01:26 So the mirror image can be super impossible.

01:31 So here the central atom contains more than and same atom or same group.

01:39 So that is why its mirror image will be super impossible on each other.

01:43 So here we have example is two amino propane.

01:46 First one is two amino propane, carbon containing, chain containing three carbon atoms and here amine group attached and this is ch3 and this is ch3 and this is ch so two amino propane is is an a chiral molecule so it is a chiral molecule because the central atom carbon here is the central atom this containing four different groups surrounded by four different groups and surrounded by the same groups, not different groups.

02:26 So it is achyral because a chiral, because central atom carbon surrounded by here two same group, methyl, methyl, and hydrogen and amine.

02:41 So that is why it is called achyral.

02:43 So it's a mirror image can be super impossible...

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