2.5 moles of neon gas expand adiabatically and in the process do 930 J of work. The gas's tempe

step 1 From the first law of thermodynamics, we know that del u is equal to Q plus w as here Q is equal

2.5 moles of neon gas expand adiabatically and in the...

2.5 moles of neon gas expand adiabatically and in the process do $930 \mathrm{~J}$ of work. The gas's temperature drops by
(a) $10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(b) $30^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ;$ (c) $45^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(d) $60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.

Key Concepts

Adiabatic Process

An adiabatic process is one in which no heat is exchanged with the surroundings. In such a process, the energy change in the system is solely due to work done by or on the system. This means that any work done results directly in a change in the internal energy of the gas, which in turn affects its temperature.

First Law of Thermodynamics

The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of energy conservation, which relates the change in internal energy of a system to heat added to the system and the work done by the system. In the context of an adiabatic process, since no heat is exchanged, the change in internal energy is equal to the negative of the work performed by the system.

Internal Energy of Ideal Gases

For ideal gases, the internal energy depends only on the temperature. In the case of a monatomic ideal gas, the internal energy is given by U = (3/2)nRT, where n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature. This relationship allows one to directly relate changes in internal energy to changes in temperature during processes such as adiabatic expansion.

Work and Temperature Change in Adiabatic Expansion

During an adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas, the work done by the gas results in a reduction of its internal energy, leading to a decrease in temperature. By applying the first law of thermodynamics and the expression for the internal energy of an ideal gas, one can directly calculate the temperature change associated with a given amount of work.

Please give Ace some feedback