A 100-W lightbulb connected to a 120-V source experiences a voltage surge that produces 140 V fo

step 1 So here we have the initial power, which is 100 watts, the initial voltage, which is 120 volts,

A 100-W lightbulb connected to a 120-V source experiences a...

A $100-\mathrm{W}$ lightbulb connected to a $120-\mathrm{V}$ source experiences a voltage surge that produces 140 $\mathrm{V}$ for a moment. By what percentage does its power output increase? Assume its resistance does not change.

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Key Concepts

Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit, expressed as V = IR. This principle is foundational in understanding how changes in voltage affect current when the resistance is constant, and it lays the groundwork for calculating power in electrical components.

Power in Resistive Circuits

In resistive circuits, power is related to voltage and resistance by the formula P = V²/R. This means that, for a given constant resistance, the power output is proportional to the square of the voltage. This quadratic relationship is crucial for understanding how a voltage increase results in a significant rise in power consumption.

Percentage Increase Calculation

Calculating the percentage increase involves finding the difference between the new and original values relative to the original value, and then multiplying by 100. In this context, once the new power is computed using the voltage surge, the percentage increase can be determined by comparing it to the original power level.

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