A 25 watt- 220 volt bulb and a 100 watt- 220 volt bulb are...

A 25 watt- 220 volt bulb and a 100 watt- 220 volt bulb are connected in series across a 220 volt line; which electric bulb will glow more brightly?
(a) 25 watt bulb
(b) 100 watt bulb
(c) Both will have equal incandescence
(d) Neither will give light

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Key Concepts

Series Circuits

In a series circuit, all components are connected consecutively so that the same current passes through each one. The voltage is divided among the components in proportion to their resistances. This understanding is essential when analyzing how devices behave when connected in series rather than in parallel.

Power Ratings and the Resistance Relationship

An appliance’s power rating indicates the power it consumes under its designed voltage. Using the relationship R = V²/P, one can determine the effective resistance of the device. This concept is key in analyzing how devices, like light bulbs, respond under non-standard connection arrangements.

Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law, expressed as V = IR, is fundamental for connecting voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. It is crucial for calculating voltage drops and current flow through each component, especially in series circuits where the same current flows through all elements.

Brightness of Incandescent Bulbs

The brightness of an incandescent bulb is directly related to the power it dissipates. In circuit configurations where the voltage division is altered, the power dissipated by each bulb depends on its resistance, potentially leading to differences in brightness compared to their rated operation.

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