A 25.00-g sample of a solid is placed in a graduated...

A $25.00-\mathrm{g}$ sample of a solid is placed in a graduated cylinder and then the cylinder is filled to the $50.0-\mathrm{mL}$ mark with benzene. The mass of benzene and solid together is $58.80 \mathrm{~g}$. Assuming that the solid is insoluble in benzene and that the density of benzene is $0.880 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}$, calculate the density of the solid.

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Key Concepts

Volume Displacement Method

The volume displacement method is an experimental technique used to determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object. When the object is placed into a liquid, it displaces an amount of liquid equal to its own volume, assuming the object does not dissolve. This concept is essential for calculating the volume of the solid which, when combined with its mass, allows for the determination of its density.

Mass-Volume Relationship

The mass-volume relationship is foundational in physics and chemistry, as it connects the mass of a substance with the volume it occupies through its density. This relationship is exploited in density calculations by rearranging the formula density = mass/volume, allowing one to solve for any of the three variables when the other two are known.

Density

Density is a fundamental property defined as mass per unit volume. It provides an indication of how much matter is packed into a given volume and is expressed in units such as g/cm³. In problems like the one given, density is the property being determined for the solid by relating its mass and its volume, which is found indirectly through displacement.

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