A 32-year-old pregnant woman comes to your prenatal clinic. She has a history of syphilis and gonorrhea in the past but her VDRL/RPR is negative now. An HIV test is offered as a routine part of her prenatal evaluation as well as because of the history of previous STDs. You explain to her the importance of the test for her baby's wellbeing. She refuses the test when offered.
What should you do?
a. No test; she has the right to refuse.
b. PCR RNA viral load testing as an alternative.
c. Consent for HIV testing is not needed in pregnancy because it is to protect the health of the baby.
d. Add the test to the other routine tests that are to be drawn.
e. Administer empiric antiretroviral therapy to prevent perinatal transmission.
f. HIV testing is now part of routine prenatal care and no specific consent is needed.