A 5 μF capacitor is charged by a 220 v supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is co

step 1 Given a capacitor of 5 microferred charged to 220 volt, another capacitor C2, which is uncharged

A 5 μF capacitor is charged by a 220 v supply. It is then...

A $5 \mu \mathrm{F}$ capacitor is charged by a $220 \mathrm{v}$ supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected to another uncharged $2.5 \mu \mathrm{F}$ capacitor. How much electrostatic energy of the first capacitor is lost in the form of heat and electromagnetic radiation ? (A) $0.02 \mathrm{~J}$ (B) $0.121 \mathrm{~J}$ (C) $0.04 \mathrm{~J}$ (D) $0.081 \mathrm{~J}$

A $5 \mu \mathrm{F}$ capacitor is charged by a $220 \mathrm{v}$ supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected to another uncharged $2.5 \mu \mathrm{F}$ capacitor. How much electrostatic energy of the first capacitor is lost in the form of heat and electromagnetic radiation ?
(A) $0.02 \mathrm{~J}$
(B) $0.121 \mathrm{~J}$
(C) $0.04 \mathrm{~J}$
(D) $0.081 \mathrm{~J}$

Key Concepts

Capacitor Energy Storage

Capacitors store energy in the electric field between their plates when they are charged. The energy stored in a capacitor is given by the formula (1/2)CV², where C is the capacitance and V is the voltage across it. This concept is foundational in understanding how energy is managed and utilized in electric circuits.

Conservation of Charge

When capacitors are connected together, the total electric charge in the system is conserved. This means that the redistribution of charge among capacitors depends on their capacitances, and the overall sum of the charge remains constant. This principle is essential when analyzing circuits involving multiple capacitors.

Charge Redistribution

Upon connecting a charged capacitor to an uncharged one, the charge redistributes between them until they reach a common voltage. The final voltage can be determined by applying the conservation of charge. This redistribution affects the final energy stored in the system, which is generally lower than the initial stored energy.

Energy Dissipation

During the process of charge redistribution between capacitors, some energy is lost as heat and electromagnetic radiation due to non-ideal effects such as resistive components in the circuit. This energy loss is a result of the system moving from an initial state of higher potential energy to a lower energy equilibrium, highlighting key ideas in energy conservation and dissipation.

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