A battery has an emf of 15.0 V. The terminal voltage of the battery is 11.6 V when it is deliver

step 1 Here first we will find the resistance of load register as power is equal to square of voltage d

A battery has an emf of 15.0 V. The terminal voltage of the...

A battery has an emf of $15.0 \mathrm{V}$. The terminal voltage of the battery is $11.6 \mathrm{V}$ when it is delivering $20.0 \mathrm{W}$ of power to an external load resistor $R$. (a) What is the value of $R ?$ (b) What is the internal resistance of the battery?

Key Concepts

Electromotive Force (EMF)

EMF is the energy provided per unit charge by a power source in an electrical circuit, typically represented by a battery. It is the open-circuit voltage of the device and reflects the maximum potential difference available before any internal losses occur.

Internal Resistance

Internal resistance is the inherent resistance within a power source that causes a voltage drop as current flows. It represents energy losses inside the source and results in the terminal voltage being lower than the electromotive force when a load is connected.

Terminal Voltage

Terminal voltage is the voltage output of a battery measured across its terminals when it is delivering current to a load. It is affected by the internal resistance of the battery and is generally lower than the electromotive force under load conditions.

Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law is a fundamental principle in electronics which states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, with the constant of proportionality being the resistance. It is used to determine unknown quantities like current or resistance in a circuit.

Electrical Power in Resistive Circuits

Electrical power in resistive circuits is the rate at which electrical energy is converted to heat or work in a resistor. It is calculated using formulas that relate power to voltage and resistance, such as P = V²/R, and is essential for analyzing energy consumption and conversion in circuits.

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