A chemist in a galaxy far, far away performed the Millikan...

A chemist in a galaxy far, far away performed the Millikan oil drop experiment and got the following results for the charges on various drops. Use these data to calculate the charge of the electron in zirkombs. $2.56 \times 10^{-12}$ zirkombs $\quad 7.68 \times 10^{-12}$ zirkombs $3.84 \times 10^{-12}$ zirkombs $\quad 6.40 \times 10^{-13}$ zirkombs

A chemist in a galaxy far, far away performed the Millikan oil drop experiment and got the following results for the charges on various drops. Use these data to calculate the charge of the electron in zirkombs.
$2.56 \times 10^{-12}$ zirkombs $\quad 7.68 \times 10^{-12}$ zirkombs
$3.84 \times 10^{-12}$ zirkombs $\quad 6.40 \times 10^{-13}$ zirkombs

Key Concepts

Millikan Oil Drop Experiment

This experiment was designed to measure the elementary electric charge by balancing the gravitational force on tiny oil droplets with the electric force from an applied field. By observing the motion of charged droplets under different electrical conditions, researchers were able to determine that charge exists in discrete amounts, laying the experimental foundation for the concept of quantized charge.

Quantization of Electric Charge

The principle of charge quantization states that electric charges occur in discrete multiples of a fundamental charge, meaning that any observed net charge is an integer multiple of the elementary charge. This concept is central to understanding atomic structure and the behavior of charged particles in different physical contexts.

Elementary Charge Calculation

Determining the elementary charge involves analyzing measured charges (from experiments like Millikan's) and identifying the greatest common divisor or the smallest unit that can be multiplied by whole numbers to yield the experimental values. This method links the macroscopic measurements of charge to the underlying microscopic quantization, effectively allowing scientists to calculate the charge of a single electron.

Transcript

00:01 Some of this video, we're gonna talk about question 52 from chapter two, which says a chemist in the galaxy far, far away performed the millikan oil drop experiment and got the following results for the triggers on various drops.

00:14 Used these data to calculate the charge of the electron intercoms.

00:18 So, um, this cummings, in a galaxy far far away, is working in units of tzar calms when it comes to charge.

00:26 Um, inland were given a list of charges in units of their coms.

00:30 But before we dive in, let's go over what? the millikan oil drop experiment.

00:36 Waas.

00:37 Um so the millikan oil drop experiment 1,000,000 took charge.

00:41 Doyle, um, and uh sprayed a mist of it on.

00:46 And then, as these oil droplets were falling, these charged oil droplets, they fall between two electrically charged plates.

00:55 Eso actually it's just oil droplets that air sprayed and missed.

00:59 And then, while they're in a mist, they're bombarded by x rays, which give them a positive charge.

01:05 Eso as these positively charged drops are falling between these electrically charged plates, the one above them has a negative charge, and the one below them is positively charged.

01:19 So we have this upwards force where this positive droplet is attracted to the negative plate that's now above it and repulsed by the positive plate that's below it.

01:29 So we now have this upwards force that's acting on are positively charged particle.

01:35 Um, so we also have control over the voltage difference between these positively and negatively charged plates...

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