A current of 10^-3 A is flowing in aresistance of 1000 Ω. To measure potential difference accur

step 1 So here, G equal galvanometer resistance equal 100 om, IG equal 10 to the power minus 5 ampere,

A current of 10^-3 A is flowing in aresistance of 1000 Ω....

A current of $10^{-3} \mathrm{~A}$ is flowing in aresistance of $1000 \Omega$. To measure potential difference accurately, a voltmeter should be used whose resistance is
(a) $0 \Omega$
(b) $500 \Omega$
(c) $1000 \Omega$
(d) $\gg 1000 \Omega$

Key Concepts

Voltmeter Internal Resistance

The voltmeter internal resistance is designed to be very high to ensure that it does not significantly alter the circuit conditions when measuring voltage. A high resistance minimizes the current drawn from the circuit, thereby preventing distortion of the voltage measurement. In practical applications, a voltmeter with internal resistance much larger than the resistance of the circuit element being measured is preferred.

Circuit Loading Effect

When a measuring instrument like a voltmeter is connected to a circuit, it can draw additional current, which may change the behavior of the circuit. This phenomenon is known as the loading effect. By using a voltmeter with a very high internal resistance, the impact on the circuit is minimized, preserving the original voltage distribution and ensuring an accurate measurement.

Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, represented by the equation V = IR. This principle is fundamental in analyzing electric circuits and helps in understanding how voltage, current, and resistance interact. In the context of this problem, Ohm's Law is used to understand the voltage drop across the resistor and to emphasize why a voltmeter with sufficiently high resistance is necessary for an accurate measurement.

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