A galvanometer having a coil resistance of 60 Ωshows full scale deflection. When a current of 1.

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A galvanometer having a coil resistance of 60 Ωshows full...

A galvanometer having a coil resistance of $60 \Omega$ shows full scale deflection. When a current of $1.0 \mathrm{~A}$ passes through it. It can be converted into an ammeter to read currents upto $5.0 \mathrm{~A}$ by [BVP Engg. 2009] (a) putting in series a resistance of $15 \Omega$ (b) putting in series a resistance of $240 \Omega$ (c) putting in parallel a resistance of $15 \Omega$ (d) putting in a parallel a resistance of $240 \Omega$

A galvanometer having a coil resistance of $60 \Omega$ shows full scale deflection. When a current of $1.0 \mathrm{~A}$ passes through it. It can be converted into an ammeter to read currents upto $5.0 \mathrm{~A}$ by [BVP Engg. 2009]
(a) putting in series a resistance of $15 \Omega$
(b) putting in series a resistance of $240 \Omega$
(c) putting in parallel a resistance of $15 \Omega$
(d) putting in a parallel a resistance of $240 \Omega$

Key Concepts

Galvanometer

A galvanometer is an instrument that detects and measures small currents through the deflection of a needle. Its sensitivity is determined by the magnitude of current that causes full-scale deflection, making it useful in measuring current in direct current (DC) circuits.

Full-Scale Deflection

Full?scale deflection refers to the maximum current that a galvanometer can measure before the needle reaches the end of its range. This parameter is critical in determining the sensitivity of the instrument and serves as a basis for designing conversion circuits to extend its range.

Shunt Resistor

A shunt resistor is employed to bypass a portion of the current around the galvanometer, allowing only a fraction of the total current to pass through the sensitive mechanism. This technique exploits current division, whereby the resistor in parallel with the galvanometer carries the excess current, thereby extending the overall range of measurement without damaging the device.

Conversion of Galvanometer to Ammeter

Converting a galvanometer into an ammeter involves adding a shunt resistor in parallel to the galvanometer so that the instrument can safely measure larger currents. The value of the shunt resistor is calculated based on the ratio of the full-scale deflection current of the galvanometer and the desired total current range, ensuring that the appropriate portion of current is diverted away from the galvanometer.

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