A major industrial use of hydrochloric acid is in metal...

A major industrial use of hydrochloric acid is in metal pickling. This process involves the removal of metal oxide layers from metal surfaces to prepare them for coating. (a) Write an equation between iron(III) oxide, which represents the rust layer over iron, and $\mathrm{HCl}$ to form iron(III) chloride and water. (b) If 1.22 moles of $\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ and $289.2 \mathrm{~g}$ of HCl react, how many grams of $\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}$ will be produced?

A major industrial use of hydrochloric acid is in metal pickling. This process involves the removal of metal oxide layers from metal surfaces to prepare them for coating.
(a) Write an equation between iron(III) oxide, which represents the rust layer over iron, and $\mathrm{HCl}$ to form iron(III) chloride and water.
(b) If 1.22 moles of $\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ and $289.2 \mathrm{~g}$ of HCl react, how many grams of $\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}$ will be produced?

Key Concepts

Molar Mass and Mass-Mole Conversions

Molar mass is defined as the mass of one mole of a substance and serves as a conversion factor between grams and moles. This conversion is critical in stoichiometric calculations, where the amount of a substance in grams is converted to moles to relate experimental measurements to theoretical predictions based on mole ratios.

Limiting Reagent

The concept of the limiting reagent is crucial in reaction yield calculations. It is the reactant that is completely consumed first, thereby determining the maximum amount of product that can be produced. Recognizing the limiting reagent helps in calculating the theoretical yield of the chemical reaction.

Balanced Chemical Equation

A balanced chemical equation is essential for representing a chemical reaction while obeying the law of conservation of mass. It shows the exact proportions in which reactants combine and convert into products, ensuring that the number of atoms for each element remains constant on both sides of the reaction.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It uses the mole ratios derived from the balanced chemical equation to predict the yields of products from given quantities of reactants and to determine how much of each substance is involved in the reaction.

Transcript

00:03 We have given information for part a.

00:09 We have to write the equation between iron, iron tree oxide and hcl.

00:51 So the equation is ap2 -03 iron oxide plus hcl.

00:59 Iron chloride plus h2o water.

01:14 Since we have two iron atoms and reactant site and only one on product side we will place two in front of fecl 3 so the equation become vap2 o3 plus hcl and we will place to in front of fecl fcl 3 plus h2 .0.

02:03 Now we have 6 chlorine atoms on product side.

02:08 6 chlorine atoms on product side 2 into 3 is 6 and 1 on reactant side.

02:18 1 chlorine atom is on reactant side.

02:21 So we will place 6 in front of hcl in reactant site.

02:26 So the equation become f .e .203 plus 6 hcl to fecl3 plus h2o.

02:42 Now there are 6 hydrogen, 6 hydrogen atoms on reactant side and 2 on the product side.

02:53 Hence we will place 3 in front of h2o and get the balance equation.

02:59 And here we put 6 and 3 in front of h2o and it becomes 6 3 into 2 is 6 and the equation become balance.

03:13 So we have the equation f .e2 .03 plus 6 hcl to fecl 3 plus 3 h2o.

03:34 So the final result will be f .e .203 plus 6hcl to fecl3 plus 3h2o.

03:57 This is balance equation.

04:12 And given information for part b, fe2o3 plus 6hcl.

04:24 To fecl 3 plus 3 is 2o so the number of moles of moles of f .e .203 is n f .e2 -03 is equal to 1 .22 the mass of hcl is mass of hcl is equal to to 8 .9 .2 gram.

05:30 We have to find the mass of fecl free that will be produced.

06:01 So first we will find the number of moles of hl.

06:21 The hcl molar masses mass is mass is molar mass of hcl is equal to molar mass of hydrogen plus molar mass of chlorine is equal to molar mass of hydrogen is 1 .008 gram per mole plus molar mass of chlorine is 35 .453 gram per mole is equal to molar mass of mass of hcl is 36 .461 gram per mole.

07:17 The number of moles of hcl is number of moles of hcl is equal to mass of hcl divided by molar mass of hcl is equal to mass of hcl...

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