A new hormone is discovered that binds to receptors on the...

A new hormone is discovered that binds to receptors on the target cell surface. Describe the chemical class of hormone that this hormone could belong to and explain how you could discern the exact class. a. It belongs to the class lipid-derived or peptide hormone as it is water insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. The exact class can be determined on the basis of the hormone's size. b. It belongs to the class amino acid derived hormones as it is lipid insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. This can be discerned by determining the exact structure of the hormone. c. It belongs to the class lipid-derived or peptide hormone as it is water insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. This can be discerned by determining the exact structure of the hormone. d. It belongs to the class amino acid derived or peptide hormone as it is lipid insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. The exact class can be determined on the basis of the hormone's size.

A new hormone is discovered that binds to receptors on the target cell surface. Describe the chemical class of hormone that this hormone could belong to and explain how you could discern the exact class.
a. It belongs to the class lipid-derived or peptide hormone as it is water insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. The exact class can be determined on the basis of the hormone's size.
b. It belongs to the class amino acid derived hormones as it is lipid insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. This can be discerned by determining the exact structure of the hormone.
c. It belongs to the class lipid-derived or peptide hormone as it is water insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. This can be discerned by determining the exact structure of the hormone.
d. It belongs to the class amino acid derived or peptide hormone as it is lipid insoluble and thus requires a cell surface receptor. The exact class can be determined on the basis of the hormone's size.

Key Concepts

Structure Determination and Molecular Size Analysis

To accurately classify a hormone into its correct chemical group, scientists can analyze its molecular structure and size. Techniques such as chromatography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy allow for the determination of the molecule’s precise structure and weight, which helps differentiate between peptide hormones and amino acid–derived hormones.

Amino Acid–Derived Hormones

Amino acid–derived hormones, which include catecholamines like epinephrine, are often small and water-soluble. Despite being derived from amino acids, their relatively low molecular weight allows them to act via cell surface receptors, as they cannot easily cross the plasma membrane.

Peptide Hormones

Peptide hormones consist of chains of amino acids and are generally larger molecules. Their water solubility prevents them from diffusing directly through the cell membrane, necessitating the involvement of membrane-bound receptors to initiate cellular responses.

Water Solubility and Receptor Binding

Hormones are categorized in part by their solubility, which directly affects how they interact with target cells. Water?soluble hormones, such as peptides or amino acid–derived hormones, cannot readily cross the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane and thus bind to receptors located on the cell surface, triggering intracellular signaling cascades.

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