A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA...

A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is TGA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds to the mRNA codon is
A. $\mathrm{TGA} ; \mathrm{B} . \mathrm{UGA} ; \mathrm{C.UCU} ; \mathrm{D} . \mathrm{ACU} .$

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Key Concepts

Stop Codon

Stop codons are specific nucleotide triplets in mRNA that signal the termination of protein synthesis. UGA is one of these stop codons, and typically it does not have a corresponding tRNA anticodon because release factors recognize stop codons to end translation. However, in special cases such as selenocysteine insertion, a specific mechanism allows decoding of a stop codon.

tRNA Anticodon

Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules have regions called anticodons that are complementary to the codons on mRNA. Using base pairing rules, the anticodon pairs with the corresponding mRNA codon in an antiparallel fashion. For an mRNA codon UGA, the anticodon would be complementary as 3'-ACU-5'.

mRNA Codon

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that specifies either an amino acid during protein synthesis or a signal to start or stop translation. The UGA codon, derived from the DNA coding sequence TGA, is actually a stop codon, which normally signals termination of protein synthesis rather than specifying an amino acid.

DNA Transcription

This concept involves copying the genetic information from the DNA to messenger RNA. During transcription, the coding sequence of DNA, which contains thymine (T), is converted into mRNA where thymine is replaced by uracil (U). Thus, a DNA sequence with TGA becomes an mRNA codon UGA.

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