Question
A patient on dialysis has a high level of urea, a high level of sodium, and a low level of potassium in the blood. Why is the dialyzing solution prepared with a high level of potassium but no sodium or urea? (9.6)
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This is not a healthy balance for the body. Show more…
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Why would a dialysis unit (artificial kidney) use isotonic concentrations of $\mathrm{NaCl}, \mathrm{KCl}, \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3},$ and glucose in the dialysate? (9.6)
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Patients with kidney failure frequently develop metabolic acidosis. If such patients undergo dialysis, the dialysate includes sodium bicarbonate at a concentration higher than that of the blood. Explain why this would benefit the patient.
Kidney Dialysis Hemodialysis, a method of removing waste products from the blood if the kidneys have failed, uses a tube made of a cellulose membrane that is immersed in a large volume of aqueous solution. Blood is pumped through the tube and is then returned to the patient's vein. The membrane does not allow passage of large protein molecules and cells but does allow small ions, urea, and water to pass through it. Assume that a physician wants to decrease the concentration of sodium ion and urea in a patient's blood while maintaining the concentration of potassium ion and chloride ion in the blood. What materials must be dissolved in the aqueous solution in which the dialysis tube is immersed? How must the concentrations of ions in the immersion fluid compare with those in blood?
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