A pharmacist has received a medication order for 100,000...

A pharmacist has received a medication order for 100,000 units of penicillin $\mathrm{G}$ sodium to be added to $250 \mathrm{~mL}$ of D5W. A vial of penicillin G sodium containing one million units is on hand and the direction on the vial states, "Add $44.8 \mathrm{~mL}$ of sterile water for injection to obtain a concentration of 200,000 units $/ \mathrm{mL}$." How many milliliters of the reconstituted solution should be withdrawn and added to the D5W?

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Key Concepts

Medication Concentration Calculation

Understanding how to calculate the concentration of a solution is critical in pharmacy practice. After reconstitution, the total drug units are divided by the volume of diluent added to yield a precise concentration, which is then used to determine the correct volume of solution needed for a given dose.

Dilution and Proportional Reasoning

This concept involves using proportions to calculate the required volume of a concentrated solution to deliver a specific number of drug units when preparing diluted infusions. It requires knowledge of how to relate the desired dosage to the concentration of the solution and how to adjust volumes accordingly for safe and effective patient care.

Pharmaceutical Reconstitution

This concept involves the process of preparing a medication from its powdered form by adding a specific volume of diluent as indicated by the manufacturer. It is a fundamental step in ensuring that the medication is at the intended concentration and potency for accurate dosing and safe administration.

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