A plant consumes 60 kW at a power factor of 0.75 lagging...

A plant consumes $60 \mathrm{kW}$ at a power factor of 0.75 lagging from a $240-\mathrm{V} \mathrm{rms} 60-\mathrm{Hz}$ line. Determine the value of the capacitor that when placed in parallel with the load will change the load power factor to 0.9 lagging.

Key Concepts

Power Factor Correction

Power factor correction is the process of adjusting the power factor of a circuit, typically by introducing capacitors or inductors, to reduce the amount of reactive power. This improves the efficiency of the power system by lowering losses and reducing the demand on the power supply.

Capacitor

A capacitor in an AC circuit provides a leading reactive power. By supplying leading reactive current, it can cancel part of the lagging reactive power produced by inductive loads, thereby helping to improve the overall power factor.

Power Factor

Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power, indicating how effectively the electrical power is being used. A lagging power factor, which is common in inductive loads, means that the current lags behind the voltage.

Reactive Power

Reactive power is the component of power in an AC circuit that oscillates between the source and the reactive components (inductors and capacitors). Measured in volt?amperes reactive (VAR), it does not perform useful work but is necessary to establish the electric and magnetic fields in the system.

Real Power

Real power is the actual power consumed by a load to perform useful work, measured in watts (W). It represents the energy that is converted into productive work as opposed to being stored or returned to the system.

Apparent Power

Apparent power is the total power flowing in an AC circuit, combining both real power and reactive power. It is measured in volt-amperes (VA) and is the product of the rms voltage and rms current.

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