A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of 30^∘ as shown in the figure. After reflecti

step 1 So in this question, a ray is striking a plain mirror at an angle 30 degree as shown in the figu

A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of 30^∘ as...

A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of $30^{\circ}$ as shown in the figure. After reflection, the ray passes through a prism of refractive index $1.5$ whose apex angle is $4^{\circ} .$ The total angle through which the ray deviates is (a) $90^{\circ}$ (b) $270^{\circ}$ (c) $145^{\circ}$ (d) $122^{\circ}$

A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of $30^{\circ}$ as shown in the figure. After reflection, the ray passes through a prism of refractive index $1.5$ whose apex angle is $4^{\circ} .$ The total angle through which the ray deviates is
(a) $90^{\circ}$
(b) $270^{\circ}$
(c) $145^{\circ}$
(d) $122^{\circ}$

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Key Concepts

Law of Reflection

This principle states that when a light ray hits a plane mirror, the angle at which it arrives (the angle of incidence) is equal to the angle at which it leaves (the angle of reflection). It is a foundational concept in optics used to predict the path of light after it reflects off a flat surface.

Refraction and Snell's Law

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different refractive index. Snell's Law quantitatively relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of the two media, which is essential for understanding how light bends when entering a prism.

Deviation by a Prism

When light passes through a prism, it is deviated from its original path due to refraction at the prism's surfaces. The total deviation depends on the prism's apex angle and the refractive index. Analyzing this deviation involves understanding how the prism geometry and material properties interact with the refracted light.

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