A salt contains only barium and one of the halide ions. A 0.158-g sample of the salt was dissolv

step 1 Okay, so the first thing that we'll do is write out a balanced chemical equation. So they tell u

A salt contains only barium and one of the halide ions. A...

A salt contains only barium and one of the halide ions. A 0.158-$\mathrm{g}$ sample of the salt was dissolved in water, and an excess of sulfuric acid was added to form barium sulfate $\left(\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}\right),$ which was filtered, dried, and weighed. Its mass was found to be $0.124 \mathrm{g} .$ What is the formula of the barium halide?

Key Concepts

Molar Mass Calculation

Molar mass calculations help convert between the mass of a substance and the number of moles present. This is a key step in determining the empirical formula of a compound by allowing the calculation of the mass fraction of each element.

Empirical Formula Determination

Determining an empirical formula involves using the calculated amounts of each element in a compound to establish the simplest whole-number ratio between them. In this problem, the amounts of barium and halide from the original sample are used to ascertain the chemical formula of the barium halide.

Precipitation Reaction

This type of reaction involves the formation of an insoluble solid (a precipitate) when two soluble substances react. Here, the soluble barium halide reacts with sulfate ions from sulfuric acid, forming insoluble barium sulfate, which separates from the solution.

Gravimetric Analysis

Gravimetric analysis involves determining the quantity of an analyte based on the mass of a solid. In this context, the method is used to determine the amount of barium in a sample by precipitating it as an insoluble compound and then weighing that precipitate.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. By using the mass of barium sulfate precipitate and its known composition, it is possible to deduce the number of moles of barium originally present in the sample.

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