A solution of potassium nitrate, an electrolyte, and a...

A solution of potassium nitrate, an electrolyte, and a solution of glycerin $\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\right),$ a nonelectrolyte, both boil at $100.3^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .$ What other physical properties of the two solutions are identical?

Key Concepts

Colligative Properties

Colligative properties are physical properties of solutions that depend only on the number of dissolved solute particles relative to the solvent, not on their identity. This includes boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure. Because these properties are exclusively determined by the concentration of solute particles, if two solutions have the same boiling point elevation, they will necessarily share the same values for the other colligative properties.

Freezing Point Depression

Freezing point depression is a colligative property that describes the lowering of a solvent's freezing point when a solute is added. It depends solely on the number of solute particles present. Therefore, if two solutions exhibit the same boiling point elevation, they will also have identical freezing point depressions.

Vapor Pressure Lowering

Vapor pressure lowering is the reduction in the vapor pressure of a solvent caused by the presence of a nonvolatile solute. As with other colligative properties, it is determined by the mole fraction of solute particles in the solution. Hence, solutions with equal boiling point elevations will show the same degree of vapor pressure lowering.

Osmotic Pressure

Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to stop the net flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations. Since osmotic pressure is a colligative property, it depends on the concentration of solute particles. Thus, two solutions with identical boiling point elevations will have the same osmotic pressure.

Transcript

Please give Ace some feedback