A spherical party balloon on Earth's surface that is 25 cm in diameter contains helium at room

step 1 In this problem on the topic of electrostatics, we have a spherical balloon on the Earth's surfa

A spherical party balloon on Earth's surface that is 25 cm...

A spherical party balloon on Earth's surface that is $25 \mathrm{~cm}$ in diameter contains helium at room temperature $\left(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)$ and at a pressure of $1.3$ atm. If one electron could be stripped from every helium atom in the balloon and removed to a satellite orbiting Earth $22,000 \mathrm{mi}(32,187 \mathrm{~km})$ above the planet, with what force would the balloon and the satellite attract each other when the satellite is directly above the balloon? Example $16-2$

Key Concepts

Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) relates a gas's pressure, volume, and temperature to the number of moles of gas present. In problems like this, it is used to calculate the quantity of gas particles (atoms or molecules) within a container under known conditions, which is fundamental for determining the number of charged particles involved in the electrostatic interaction.

Avogadro's Number

Avogadro's Number is the constant that defines the number of particles in one mole of a substance. It allows the conversion from moles (obtained via the Ideal Gas Law) to the actual number of atoms or electrons, which is essential when quantifying the total charge in a system where every atom contributes one unit of charge.

Fundamental Charge

The Fundamental Charge is the magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron (or proton). It sets the scale for how much charge is transferred per particle, and is critical when computing the total charge on the systems involved, thus forming the basis for calculating the subsequent electrostatic force.

Coulomb's Law

Coulomb's Law describes the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges. It states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This principle is applied to determine the force of attraction or repulsion between charged bodies, such as the charged balloon and the satellite in this scenario.

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