A. To add (or subtract) fractions that have the same ...

a. To add (or subtract) fractions that have the same _______ denominator, add (or subtract) their and write the sum (or difference) over the _______ denominator _______ the result, if possible. b. To add (or subtract) fractions that have different denominators, we express each fraction as an equivalent fraction that has the _______ for its denominator. Then we use the rule for adding (subtracting) fractions that have the _______ denominator.

a. To add (or subtract) fractions that have the same _______ denominator, add (or subtract) their and write the sum (or difference) over the _______ denominator _______ the result, if possible.
b. To add (or subtract) fractions that have different denominators, we express each fraction as an equivalent fraction that has the _______ for its denominator. Then we use the rule for adding (subtracting) fractions that have the _______ denominator.

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Key Concepts

Simplifying Fractions

Simplifying or reducing a fraction involves dividing both the numerator and the denominator by their greatest common divisor, resulting in an equivalent fraction in its simplest form. Simplification makes the fraction easier to interpret and compare with others.

Numerator

The numerator is the top number in a fraction that indicates how many parts of the whole are considered. When performing addition or subtraction on fractions with the same denominator, only the numerators are combined, while the denominator remains constant.

Equivalent Fractions

Equivalent fractions are different representations of the same value, achieved by multiplying or dividing the numerator and the denominator by the same non-zero number. This concept is essential when converting fractions with different denominators into fractions with a common denominator for addition or subtraction.

Common Denominator

A common denominator is a shared multiple of the denominators in two or more fractions, allowing the fractions to be expressed with identical denominators. With a common denominator, the fractions’ numerators can be directly added or subtracted since the parts being compared are of the same size.

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