A transformer has twice the number of loops on its secondary...

A transformer has twice the number of loops on its secondary coil as on its primary coil.
(a) What is the ratio of the secondary voltage to the primary voltage?
(b) What is the ratio of the secondary current to the primary current?

Key Concepts

Power Conservation in Transformers

In ideal transformers, the power input to the primary side is equal to the power output from the secondary side, neglecting losses. This principle of conservation of energy links the voltage and current transformations, ensuring that the product of voltage and current (i.e., power) remains approximately constant across the transformer.

Voltage Transformation

Voltage transformation in a transformer is dictated by the turns ratio. The voltage on the secondary side is proportional to the number of turns on the secondary coil compared to the primary coil. This means that an increase in the number of turns on the secondary coil relative to the primary coil results in a proportional increase in the secondary voltage.

Current Transformation

Current transformation in a transformer is inversely proportional to the turns ratio. When a transformer steps up the voltage, the corresponding current on the secondary side decreases so that the overall power (minus losses) remains conserved. Conversely, stepping down the voltage results in an increase in current on the secondary side.

Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It is used to change the voltage level of alternating current (AC) power, making it suitable for efficiently transmitting and distributing electricity.

Turns Ratio

The turns ratio in a transformer is the ratio of the number of windings or loops on the primary coil to the number of windings on the secondary coil. This ratio is fundamental in determining how voltage and current are transformed between the primary and secondary sides of the transformer.

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