A transformer with a turns ratio (secondary/primary) of 1 :...

A transformer with a turns ratio (secondary/primary) of 1 : 18 is used to step down the voltage from a $120-\mathrm{V}$ wall socket to be used in a battery recharging unit. What is the voltage supplied to the recharger?

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Key Concepts

Voltage Transformation

Voltage transformation refers to the process by which a transformer alters the voltage level of an alternating current (AC) input based on the turns ratio. The secondary voltage is calculated by multiplying the primary voltage by the turns ratio (secondary windings divided by primary windings), allowing devices to operate at appropriate voltage levels different from the supply source.

Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It is used to increase (step up) or decrease (step down) voltage levels between the circuits while ideally conserving power, barring losses. Transformers are essential in power distribution and various electronic applications for matching impedance and voltage conversion.

Turns Ratio

The turns ratio of a transformer is the ratio of the number of windings on the secondary coil to the number of windings on the primary coil. This ratio determines how voltage and current are proportionally changed from the primary side to the secondary side. In a step-down transformer, a ratio less than one on the secondary means that the output voltage is reduced relative to the input voltage.

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