(a) Two 50 g ice cubes are dropped into 200 g of water in a thermally insulated container. If th

(a) Two 50 g ice cubes are dropped into 200 g of water in a...

Key Concepts

Thermal Equilibrium

Thermal equilibrium is the state reached when all parts of a closed system have the same temperature, and, consequently, there is no net flow of thermal energy between them. In the context of calorimetry, when substances at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated container, they exchange heat until they all achieve a uniform temperature.

Calorimetry

Calorimetry is the science of measuring the amount of heat transferred to or from a substance during a physical or chemical process. It involves calculating the heat exchanges between components, based on their masses, specific heat capacities, and any phase changes that occur within an insulated or adiabatic system.

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is a property of a material that indicates the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a unit mass of the substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It is essential in calculations involving the heating or cooling of substances, particularly when determining how much the temperature of a material will change as it absorbs or releases heat.

Latent Heat of Fusion

Latent heat of fusion refers to the amount of heat energy required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid state at its melting point, without changing its temperature. This concept is crucial in problems involving ice melting, as the energy absorbed or released during the phase change (without a change in temperature) must be accounted for in the energy conservation calculations.

Adiabatic Process

An adiabatic process is one in which no heat is exchanged with the surroundings. In calorimetry problems involving insulated containers, the assumption of an adiabatic process allows the use of energy conservation principles to relate the heat lost by hotter substances to the heat gained by cooler ones, ensuring that the total internal energy of the system remains constant.

Transcript

00:01 Hello friends, this is the problem based on concept of principle of calorimetry and according to it at thermal equilibrium heat lost by one body is called to heat gained by other body.

00:50 In this problem it is given two ice cube each of mass 50 gram initially at my mind.

01:14 15 degrees celsius temperature is to be mixed with butter at 200 gram having initial temperature 25 degrees celsius we have to find the final temperature in second part if only one cube is to be mixed with water then how much would be the temperature let us start solving it.

02:09 See the solution.

02:16 In this solution the mixture of ice and butter finally having the three possibilities which are the possibilities of the system ending point first may be ending point below 0 degrees celsius with no melted ice ending point may be at 0 degrees celsius with some ice melted third ending point above 0 degree with all ice melted we have to check in sequence one by one first possibility we are checking heat lost by water is called to heat gained by ice mass of water into specific heat of water into changing temperature 25 minus final temperature mass of ice into specific heat of ice final temperature final temperature minus initial temperature of ice mass of water is 200 gram that is 0 .2 kg specific heat 4190 initial temperature final we are finding 2 cubes each of 50 grams, so 0 .05 kg.

05:18 Specific heat of ice is 2 to 0.

05:30 Initial and final temperature, final this and initial minus 20, sorry minus 15 degree.

05:39 So it is to be on solving this equation we get final temperature 16 .62 which is wrong.

05:50 So first assumption is wrong.

05:59 Now we are discussing the second possibility.

06:15 Now let us assume the second possibility to be correct and final temperature we are getting 0 degree.

06:45 Mass of water specific heat of water into final temperature of water.

06:51 Sorry change in temperature of water.

06:54 Mass of ice specific heat of ice.

07:00 Delt mass into latent heat.

07:06 Here mass of water is 0 .2 specific heat 4190.

07:14 Initial temperature is 25 minus 0 1 cube .1 220 into temperature 15 minus 0 plus m into latent heat of vaporization latent heat of vaporization is 3 .33 10 to the power 5...

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