A zener diode is operating in its normal region i.e., the...

A zener diode is operating in its normal region i.e., the breakdown region for which the circuit diagram is as shown in the figure. Here, take $V_{Z}=7$ Vand $R=10 \mathrm{k} \Omega$. For potential difference equal to 8 V across $A B$, what is the current through microammeter? (a) $1000 \mu \mathrm{A}$ (b) $1 \mathrm{~mA}$ (c) $10 \mu \mathrm{A}$ (d) $100 \mu \mathrm{A}$

A zener diode is operating in its normal region i.e., the breakdown region for which the circuit diagram is as shown in the figure. Here, take $V_{Z}=7$ Vand $R=10 \mathrm{k} \Omega$. For potential difference equal to 8 V across $A B$, what is the current through microammeter?
(a) $1000 \mu \mathrm{A}$
(b) $1 \mathrm{~mA}$
(c) $10 \mu \mathrm{A}$
(d) $100 \mu \mathrm{A}$

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Key Concepts

Breakdown Region and Voltage Regulation

When operating in its breakdown region, a Zener diode exhibits a controlled breakdown that allows it to maintain a stable output voltage regardless of variations in the supply voltage or load conditions. This operation is harnessed for voltage regulation, ensuring that sensitive components in a circuit are protected from fluctuations in the input voltage.

Ohm’s Law in Circuit Analysis

Ohm’s law is a fundamental principle in electronics that relates voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. In voltage regulation applications, the excess voltage (the difference between the input voltage and the regulated Zener voltage) appears across a series resistor, and the current through the circuit is determined by dividing this voltage difference by the resistor's value. This calculation is essential for designing circuits to ensure the Zener diode operates within its specified current range.

Zener Diode

A Zener diode is a specially designed semiconductor device that allows current to flow in the reverse direction when the applied voltage reaches a specific level called the Zener breakdown voltage. Unlike normal diodes, once this voltage is exceeded, the Zener diode maintains a nearly constant voltage across itself, making it ideal for voltage stabilization in circuits.

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