Amino acids have an average molar mass of 100 g / mol. How many bases on a single strand of DNA

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Amino acids have an average molar mass of 100 g / mol. How...

Amino acids have an average molar mass of $100 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol}$. How many bases on a single strand of DNA are needed to code for a protein with a molar mass of $5 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mol} ?$

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Key Concepts

Genetic Code

The genetic code is a set of rules by which information encoded in DNA is translated into proteins. Specifically, it involves the correspondence between sequences of three nucleotides (codons) and amino acids. This triplet nature is critical, as every codon specifies one amino acid during protein synthesis.

Protein Structure and Molar Mass

Proteins are long chains of amino acids whose total molar mass is the sum of their individual amino acid masses. By knowing the average molar mass of an amino acid, one can estimate the number of these building blocks in a protein, which is key to understanding the relationship between a protein’s size and the length of its coding sequence.

DNA Coding and Nucleotide Bases

DNA is composed of nucleotide bases that form sequences encoding genetic information. The length of a DNA strand, measured in the number of bases, directly correlates with the number of codons and, consequently, the number of amino acids that can be specified to form a protein. This concept is central in linking the molecular structure of DNA to its functional output in proteins.

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