An experiment is performed to determine if pennies are made...

An experiment is performed to determine if pennies are made of pure copper. The mass of 10 pennies was measured on a balance and found to be $24.656 \mathrm{~g}$. The volume was found by dropping the 10 pennies into a graduated cylinder initially containing $10.0 \mathrm{~mL}$ of water. The volume after the pennies were added was $12.90 \mathrm{~mL}$. Calculate the density of the pennies. If the density of pure copper at the same temperature is $8.96 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}$, are the pennies made of pure copper?

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Key Concepts

Density Calculation

Density is defined as the mass of an object divided by its volume. This calculation is a fundamental concept in physics and engineering used to characterize material properties, identify substances, and understand buoyancy. It allows for the comparison of experimentally obtained densities with known values to infer material composition.

Volume Displacement Method

The volume displacement method involves submerging an object into a graduated container filled with liquid to measure the change in liquid level. This principle, based on Archimedes' principle, is particularly useful for determining the volume of irregularly shaped objects, and it is commonly used in experimental settings to accurately calculate density.

Material Identification through Density Comparison

By comparing the experimentally determined density of a sample with the known density of a pure material, one can identify whether the sample is composed of the same material or if adulteration or alloying has occurred. This method of material identification is crucial in quality control, material science, and forensic investigations.

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