Aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfide, (NH4)2 S, and...

Aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfide, $\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{S},$ and $\mathrm{Hg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}$ react to produce HgS and $\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}$ (a) Write the overall, balanced equation for the reaction. Indicate the state (s, aq) for each compound. (b) Name each compound. (c) What type of reaction is this?

Aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfide, $\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{S},$ and $\mathrm{Hg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}$ react to produce HgS and $\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}$
(a) Write the overall, balanced equation for the reaction. Indicate the state (s, aq) for each compound.
(b) Name each compound.
(c) What type of reaction is this?

Key Concepts

Precipitation Reactions

Precipitation reactions are a subset of double replacement reactions where the formation of an insoluble solid (the precipitate) occurs when two aqueous solutions are mixed. The insolubility of one of the exchanged products leads it to separate out of the solution, which is a key characteristic of these reactions.

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is the systematic method of naming chemical compounds according to a set of standardized rules, such as those provided by IUPAC. This includes correctly naming ionic and molecular compounds, which is crucial for clear communication and understanding within chemistry.

Double Replacement Reaction

A double replacement reaction, also known as a double displacement reaction, occurs when two compounds in aqueous solution exchange their ions to form two new compounds. This type of reaction is common when one of the products is a precipitate, or when other driving forces like the formation of a gas or weak electrolyte come into play.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations ensures that the Law of Conservation of Mass is obeyed; this means the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This process involves adjusting the coefficients that appear in front of reactants and products until a balanced equation is achieved.

States of Matter

In chemical reactions, indicating the physical states of substances—such as solid (s), aqueous (aq), gas (g), or liquid (l)—provides important information about the conditions of the reaction. Notably, an aqueous solution signifies that the substance is dissolved in water, which can affect reaction dynamics and outcomes.

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