Aspartame, marketed for use as a nonnutritive sweetener...

Name: Problem 77, Chapter 23: Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-04-14T08:28:18-08:00
Duration: 1 min 41 s
Channel: Ricajoy Montero
Description: Aspartame, marketed for use as a nonnutritive sweetener under such trade names as Equal, NutraSweet, and Canderel, is the methyl ester of a simple dipeptide. Identify the two amino acids present in aspartame, and show all the products of digestion, assuming that both amide and ester bonds are hydrolyzed in the stomach.

Aspartame, marketed for use as a nonnutritive sweetener under such trade names as Equal, NutraSweet, and Canderel, is the methyl ester of a simple dipeptide. Identify the two amino acids present in aspartame, and show all the products of digestion, assuming that both amide and ester bonds are hydrolyzed in the stomach.

Key Concepts

Ester Bonds

Ester bonds are formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol, leading to the creation of an ester linkage and the release of water. In the digestion of compounds containing ester bonds, like methyl esters, hydrolysis breaks these bonds to produce a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.

Dipeptides

Dipeptides are compounds composed of two amino acids linked together by a peptide bond. They are formed via a condensation reaction that releases a molecule of water, and during digestion, dipeptides are typically broken down into their individual amino acids through hydrolysis.

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis involves the chemical process of breaking bonds with the addition of water. In the context of digestion, hydrolysis is crucial as it cleaves both peptide bonds and ester bonds, resulting in smaller molecules like free amino acids and alcohols or acids from esters.

Peptide Bonds

Peptide bonds are the covalent bonds that connect amino acids in peptides and proteins. These bonds are formed through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another and are broken during digestion to yield individual amino acids.

Amino Acids

Amino acids are organic molecules that serve as the fundamental building blocks of proteins. Each amino acid typically contains an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a distinctive side chain. Knowledge of amino acid structure is essential for understanding how larger compounds like dipeptides are assembled and subsequently degraded during digestion.

Transcript

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