Balance the following equations, and then classify each as a...

Balance the following equations, and then classify each as a precipitation, acid-base, or gas-forming reaction. (a) $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{BaCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)$ (b) $\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{CoCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s}) \rightarrow$ $\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$ (c) $\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$ $\mathrm{Cu}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})$

Balance the following equations, and then classify each as a precipitation, acid-base, or gas-forming reaction.
(a) $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{BaCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)$
(b) $\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{CoCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s}) \rightarrow$
$\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$
(c) $\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$
$\mathrm{Cu}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})$

Key Concepts

Balancing Chemical Equations

This concept involves ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is equal on both sides of a chemical reaction. It is based on the principle of the conservation of mass, where matter is neither created nor destroyed. To balance an equation, coefficients are adjusted so that the same quantity of each atom appears among reactants and products.

Reaction Classification

This concept refers to identifying the type of chemical reaction based on the nature of the reactants and the products formed. It is an essential component of studying chemical reactivity and mechanisms, and involves determining whether a reaction produces a precipitate, gas, water, or other identifiable products.

Precipitation Reaction

A precipitation reaction occurs when two aqueous solutions react to form an insoluble solid, known as the precipitate. This type of reaction is driven by the limited solubility of certain ionic compounds in water, which leads to the formation of a solid phase that separates from the solution.

Acid-Base Reaction

Also known as a neutralization reaction, an acid-base reaction is characterized by the interaction of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water. This reaction is fundamental in chemistry and underlies many processes in both laboratory and everyday chemistry, including titrations and buffering systems.

Gas-Forming Reaction

A gas-forming reaction is one in which one of the products is a gas, which may result from thermal decomposition, acid-carbonate reactions, or other chemical processes. The evolution of gas is often used as a key indicator in reaction mechanisms and is important in both synthesis and analytical chemistry.

Transcript

0:00 Hello everyone.

00:01 We're going to talk about classifying reactions as a precipitation reaction, an acid -based reaction, or a gas -producing reaction.

00:12 And we'll look at the formats for three cases.

00:15 First, let's look at the equation for barium hydroxide, reacting with hydrochloric acid, both aqueous, to produce aqueous, barium chloride, and water.

00:30 Okay, first, let's balance this.

00:33 And i'm going to put little marks on here for where we, whoops, where we can put our coefficients, although you should all know that already.

00:42 And this one is actually pretty easy.

00:45 And we've, i feel like we've balanced this before.

00:48 If i put a two in each of those spots, i will have a balanced chemical equation.

00:53 So reading from left to right, my coefficients are one, two, one, two.

00:59 Now let's classify this reaction as either a precipitation reaction, an acid -based reaction, or a gas -producing.

01:10 For a precipitation reaction, one of the products has to be a solid.

01:17 For an acid -of -base, one of the products has to be water, and for a gas -producing, obviously, one of the products has to be a gas.

01:25 For this reaction, one of our products is water.

01:28 It is an acid -based reaction.

01:34 Rxn stands for reaction.

01:37 Okay.

01:38 Let's go to our second problem.

01:41 For a second problem, we have nitric acid reacting with solid calcium carbonate to produce aqueous, or i guess that's solid cobalt two carbonate, to produce aqueous, cobalt two nitrate, carbon dioxide gas and water...

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