Balance the following equations, and then classify each as a...

Balance the following equations, and then classify each as a precipitation, acid-base, or gas-forming reaction. (a) $\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$ $\mathrm{CuCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{KNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})$ (b) $\mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{PbCl}_{2}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})$ (c) $\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$ $\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$

Balance the following equations, and then classify each as a precipitation, acid-base, or gas-forming reaction.
(a) $\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$
$\mathrm{CuCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{KNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})$
(b) $\mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{PbCl}_{2}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})$
(c) $\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$
$\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$

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Key Concepts

Gas-Forming Reaction

A gas-forming reaction is characterized by the production of a gaseous product during the reaction. This often occurs when a reaction involving acids and carbonates or similar compounds leads to the evolution of a gas, such as carbon dioxide.

Acid-Base Reaction

An acid-base reaction involves the transfer of protons (H+) between reactants, typically resulting in the formation of water and a salt. Recognizing the acid and base components is key to classifying such reactions.

Precipitation Reaction

A precipitation reaction occurs when two aqueous solutions react to form at least one insoluble product (precipitate). This requires an understanding of solubility rules to identify when a compound will not dissolve in water.

Balancing Chemical Equations

This concept involves adjusting the coefficients of reactants and products in a chemical reaction to ensure that the number of atoms for each element is equal on both sides of the equation, thereby obeying the Law of Conservation of Mass.

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