Barium sulfate is a contrast agent for X-ray scans that are...

Barium sulfate is a contrast agent for X-ray scans that are most often associated with the gastrointestinal tract. Calculate the mass of $\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}$that can dissolve in $100.0 \mathrm{mL}$ of solution. The $K_{\mathrm{sp}}$ value for $\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}$ is $1.5 \times 10^{-9}$.

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Key Concepts

Stoichiometric Calculations and Unit Conversions

Once the molar solubility is determined from the Ksp expression, stoichiometry is used to convert the moles of the dissolved salt into mass using its molar mass. This involves appropriate unit conversions, such as from liters to milliliters and from moles to grams.

Molar Solubility

Molar solubility represents the number of moles of a solute that can dissolve per liter of solvent to reach saturation. For a sparingly soluble salt, it can be calculated by expressing the ion concentrations in terms of the molar solubility and substituting them into the Ksp expression.

Dissolution Equilibrium

This is the process by which a solid salt, when added to a solvent, reaches a state where the rate of dissolution equals the rate of precipitation. At equilibrium, both the undissolved solid and its ions in solution coexist, and the concentrations of these ions can be used to describe the system using equilibrium constants.

Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)

The Ksp is an equilibrium constant specific to the dissolution process of a sparingly soluble salt. It quantifies the product of the molar concentrations of the ions, each raised to the power of its coefficient in the balanced dissolution equation, at equilibrium. It serves as a measure of the salt's solubility in water.

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