Calculate the change in energy, in joules per mole of 1^1 H, for the following nuclear reaction

step 1 There's two parts to this question. One to calculate the energy in units of joules per mole, and

Calculate the change in energy, in joules per mole of 1^1...

Calculate the change in energy, in joules per mole of ${ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}$, for the following nuclear reaction. $$ { }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}+{ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H} \longrightarrow{ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}+{ }_{1}^{0} \mathrm{e} $$ Give the energy change in MeV per ${ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}$ nucleus. See Table $20.3$.

Calculate the change in energy, in joules per mole of ${ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}$, for the following nuclear reaction.
$$
{ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}+{ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H} \longrightarrow{ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}+{ }_{1}^{0} \mathrm{e}
$$
Give the energy change in MeV per ${ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}$ nucleus. See Table $20.3$.

Key Concepts

Energy Unit Conversion

Energy in nuclear physics is often expressed in mega-electronvolts (MeV) because of the scale involved in nuclear processes. However, for practical macroscopic quantities, energy is also given in joules per mole. Converting between these units involves using the appropriate conversion factors, including the conversion between electronvolts and joules and incorporating Avogadro's number when dealing with moles.

Mole and Avogadro's Number

In nuclear energy calculations, results are sometimes given in terms of energy per mole of reactants. This concept uses Avogadro's number, which defines the number of particles (nuclei, in this case) in one mole, to scale up the energy change from a single nuclear reaction event to a mole of reactions, providing a more practical measure for laboratory and industrial applications.

Mass Defect

This concept involves the difference between the mass of a fully assembled nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual nucleons. The mass defect is key to understanding the energy change in nuclear reactions, as the ‘lost’ mass corresponds to the binding energy released or absorbed during the reaction.

Mass-Energy Equivalence

This is the principle stating that mass can be converted into energy and vice versa, as formalized by Einstein’s equation E=mc². In the context of nuclear reactions, even a small difference in mass between reactants and products can lead to a significant amount of energy being released or absorbed.

Nuclear Binding Energy

Nuclear binding energy refers to the energy required to disassemble a nucleus into its individual protons and neutrons. It is a measure of the stability of the nucleus and is directly related to the mass deficit of the nucleus; differences in binding energy between reactants and products determine the energy change in nuclear reactions.

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