Calculate the number of grams of each solute that has to be...

Calculate the number of grams of each solute that has to be taken to make each of the following solutions. (a) $125 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.200 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaCl}$ (b) $250.0 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.360 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}$ (c) $250.0 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.250 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$

Calculate the number of grams of each solute that has to be taken to make each of the following solutions.
(a) $125 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.200 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaCl}$
(b) $250.0 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.360 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}$
(c) $250.0 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.250 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$

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Key Concepts

Molarity

Molarity is a concentration unit defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is used to determine how much solute is present in a given volume of solution and serves as the basis for calculating the moles of solute needed for a specified volume.

Volume Conversion

Since the molarity is expressed in moles per liter, any volume given in milliliters must first be converted to liters by dividing by 1000. This conversion is crucial for ensuring accurate calculations when using the molarity formula.

Molar Mass

The molar mass is the mass (in grams) of one mole of a substance. It is derived by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in the molecule. Molar mass is essential for converting from moles to grams once the required amount of solute in moles has been determined.

Mass Calculation

To calculate the mass of a solute required for a solution, one first computes the number of moles by multiplying the molarity by the volume (in liters), and then converts the number of moles to grams by multiplying by the molar mass. This two-step method is fundamental in preparing solutions with specific concentrations.

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