Calculate the number of moles of the indicated substance in...

Calculate the number of moles of the indicated substance in each of the following samples. a. $18.0 \mathrm{g}$ of dextrose, $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}$ b. $21.94 \mathrm{g}$ of nitrous oxide, $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ c. $21.94 \mathrm{g}$ of nitric oxide, $\mathrm{NO}$ d. 1.24 oz of gold(III) acetate, $\mathrm{Au}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{3}$ e. $44.2 \mathrm{g}$ of ammonium dichromate, $\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}$

Calculate the number of moles of the indicated substance in each of the following samples.
a. $18.0 \mathrm{g}$ of dextrose, $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}$
b. $21.94 \mathrm{g}$ of nitrous oxide, $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
c. $21.94 \mathrm{g}$ of nitric oxide, $\mathrm{NO}$
d. 1.24 oz of gold(III) acetate, $\mathrm{Au}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{3}$
e. $44.2 \mathrm{g}$ of ammonium dichromate, $\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}$

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Key Concepts

Mole Concept

The mole is a fundamental unit in chemistry that represents a specific number of entities (usually atoms, molecules, or ions). One mole is defined as 6.022 x 10^23 particles, and it provides a bridge between the atomic scale and laboratory scale measurements, allowing chemists to count particles by weighing them.

Molar Mass Calculation

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is determined by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in the molecule as listed on the periodic table. Calculating the molar mass is a crucial step in converting between the mass of a substance and the number of moles.

Mass-to-Mole Conversion

The process of converting a given mass of a substance to moles involves using the molar mass as a conversion factor. By dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass, you obtain the number of moles, which is fundamental in stoichiometric calculations and understanding chemical reactions.

Dimensional Analysis

Dimensional analysis is a systematic method used to convert units and solve problems in chemistry. It involves using conversion factors—such as those relating grams to moles—to ensure that units cancel appropriately. This technique is essential for accurate calculations and preventing errors in chemical problem-solving.

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