Calculate the percent by mass of the element mentioned first...

Calculate the percent by mass of the element mentioned first in the formulas for each of the following compounds. a. sodium azide, $\mathrm{NaN}_{3}$ b. copper(II) sulfate, $\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}$ c. gold(III) chloride, $\mathrm{AuCl}_{3}$ d. silver nitrate, $\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}$ e. rubidium sulfate, $\mathrm{Rb}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ f. sodium chlorate, $\mathrm{NaClO}_{3}$ g. nitrogen triiodide, $\mathrm{NI}_{3}$ h. cesium bromide, $\operatorname{CsBr}$

Calculate the percent by mass of the element mentioned first in the formulas for each of the following compounds.
a. sodium azide, $\mathrm{NaN}_{3}$
b. copper(II) sulfate, $\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}$
c. gold(III) chloride, $\mathrm{AuCl}_{3}$
d. silver nitrate, $\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}$
e. rubidium sulfate, $\mathrm{Rb}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$
f. sodium chlorate, $\mathrm{NaClO}_{3}$
g. nitrogen triiodide, $\mathrm{NI}_{3}$
h. cesium bromide, $\operatorname{CsBr}$

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Key Concepts

Percent Composition

Percent composition is the calculation of the percentage of the total mass of a compound that is contributed by a particular element. It is determined by dividing the total mass of the element in one mole of the compound by the molar mass of the compound, then multiplying by 100 to obtain a percentage.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the sum of the atomic masses of all atoms present in a molecule of a compound. This value, typically expressed in grams per mole, is essential for converting between mass and moles and for determining the percentage of each element by mass in a compound.

Atomic Mass

Atomic mass is the mass of an individual atom, usually expressed in atomic mass units (amu). The atomic masses are used as building blocks for computing the molar mass of a compound, which is critical for percent composition calculations.

Chemical Formula Interpretation

Interpreting chemical formulas is the process of understanding the composition of a compound by recognizing the types and numbers of atoms present. This skill is important for identifying which element’s mass to calculate in percent composition problems, as well as for determining the overall molar mass needed in stoichiometric calculations.

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