Calculate the percent by mass of the solute in each of the...

Calculate the percent by mass of the solute in each of the following aqueous solutions: (a) $5.50 \mathrm{~g}$ of $\mathrm{NaBr}$ in $78.2 \mathrm{~g}$ of solution, (b) $31.0 \mathrm{~g}$ of $\mathrm{KCl}$ in $152 \mathrm{~g}$ of water, (c) $4.5 \mathrm{~g}$ of toluene in $29 \mathrm{~g}$ of benzene.

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Key Concepts

Percent by Mass

Percent by mass (or mass percent) is a concentration unit that represents the mass of the solute divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100. It is a common way to express the composition of a solution in quantitative terms.

Solute and Solvent

In any solution, the solute is the substance that is dissolved, and the solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved. In aqueous solutions, water usually serves as the solvent, whereas in other solution types, a different medium may be used.

Total Mass of the Solution

The total mass of a solution is the sum of the masses of the solute and the solvent. When calculating percent by mass, it is crucial to confirm whether the given mass represents the entire solution or just the solvent, and adjust the calculation accordingly.

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