Choose the best answer for each question. When animals carry...

Choose the best answer for each question. When animals carry out fermentation, they produce ________ while yeasts produce ____________. a. lactate, NADH b. lactate, ethyl alcohol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ c. NADH, ethyl alcohol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ d. $\mathrm{FADH}_{2}$, lactate e. ethyl alcohol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$, lactate

Choose the best answer for each question.
When animals carry out fermentation, they produce ________ while
yeasts produce ____________.
a. lactate, NADH
b. lactate, ethyl alcohol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$
c. NADH, ethyl alcohol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$
d. $\mathrm{FADH}_{2}$, lactate
e. ethyl alcohol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$, lactate

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Key Concepts

Fermentation

Fermentation is an anaerobic process that cells use to produce energy from glucose when oxygen is limited. It involves a series of metabolic reactions that regenerate necessary cofactors like NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue to produce ATP, with different organisms favoring different end products.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic pathway commonly used in animal cells, where pyruvate is reduced to lactate. This reaction is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase and serves to regenerate NAD+ under anaerobic conditions, allowing glycolysis to persist even when oxygen is insufficient.

Alcoholic Fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation is a process primarily carried out by yeasts, in which pyruvate is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This pathway also regenerates NAD+ necessary for glycolysis, and it plays a crucial role in various industrial applications, including the production of alcoholic beverages and leavened bread.

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