Classify each of the following components of the immune...

Classify each of the following components of the immune system as a part of either innate immunity or adaptive immunity.
a. phagocytes
b. antibodies
c. inflammation
d. cytotoxic T cells
e. helper T cells

Key Concepts

Innate Immunity

Innate immunity is the body’s first line of defense and involves non-specific mechanisms that are activated immediately upon encountering a pathogen. This arm of the immune system includes physical barriers, signaling molecules, and cells like phagocytes that engulf pathogens, as well as inflammatory responses that help to contain infections.

Adaptive Immunity

Adaptive immunity is a specific defense mechanism that develops over time and is characterized by the recognition of specific antigens and the development of immunological memory. This system involves lymphocytes such as B cells, which produce antibodies, and T cells, including cytotoxic and helper T cells, which enable a targeted response against pathogens.

Transcript

00:01 This question asks us to identify which of the following things on this list are part of the innate immunity or the adaptive immunity.

00:10 So let's recall that innate immunity is a set of defenses that are active immediately upon infection and are the same whether or not the pathogen has been encountered previously.

00:21 So we'll call this like universal.

00:29 This happens no matter what the pathogen is.

00:33 And it's the same every time.

00:36 All right.

00:38 So, and then comparing that, adaptive immunity.

00:43 So adaptive immunity or acquired immunity is a set of defenses that is activated in response to specific pathogens.

00:54 So we'll just make a note that this is specific.

00:59 So one way to approach this problem, if you feel confident with what each of these things in the list are is you can just identify which ones are specific to a pathogen or which ones are universal responses.

01:17 Just going through this a little bit more carefully, we can review that the innate defenses include a couple things.

01:26 As far as external barriers, this includes skin, exoskeleton, acidic environment, secretions, mucous membranes, and cilia.

01:35 One once the external barrier has been breached, another set of things come in.

01:44 The first would be phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils.

01:52 So we can identify that a is part of the innate immunity...

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