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Problem 7 Medium Difficulty

Colorful fireworks often involve the decomposition of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate and the reaction of the metals magnesium, aluminum, and iron with oxygen.
(a) Write the formulas of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate.
(b) The decomposition of solid potassium chlorat to the formation of solid potassium chloride and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.
(c) The decomposition of solid barium nitrate leads to the formation of solid baxium oxide, diatomic nitrogen gas, and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.
(d) Write separate equations for the reactions of the solid metals magnesium, and iron with diatomic
oxygen gas to yield the corresponding metal oxides. (Assume the iron oxide contains $\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}$ ions.)

Answer

(a) $\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}, \mathrm{KClO}_{3}$
(b) $2 \mathrm{KClO}_{3}(s) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{KCl}(s)+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)$
(c) $2 \mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(s) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{BaO}(s)+2 \mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+5 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)$
(d)
2Mg(s) $+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{MgO}(s)$
4Al(s) $+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}(s)$
$4 \mathrm{Fe}(s)+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}(s)$

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Chemistry 101

Chemistry

Chapter 4

Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions

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Lea B.

November 4, 2020

complete reaction of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate

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Video Transcript

this question says that colorful fireworks often involved decomposition of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate and the reaction of the metals, magnesium, aluminum and iron with oxygen. Part ay says to write the formulas of barium nitrate, potassium chlorate. So, Barry, um, symbol B A. And it has Ah, um, charge of plus two and nitrate as the equation end of three. And it has the charge of minus one. Right, This is B A and 03 I guess that Barry was plus two nitrate is minus one. That means that it would be to nitrates. Balance that charge and potassium chlorate. Potassium K core rate. The C l oh, three. Potassium is charge plus one. Chlorine has a charge of minus one. So this is the, uh, equation for protest in court and be rest. We're still that the decomposition of solid potassium core rate to the formacion of solid potassium chloride and die atomic oxygen gas. Right. An equation for this reaction. Just writing symbol for protesting. Great case. Yellow. Three solid. It says Re. It's decomposing to form testing. Cool ride solid and diatonic oxygen gas. There's all the symbols. Now let's make sure this is balanced one potassium react. It's one of the products one Corinne, one chlorine. But there are two oxygen's in the products and three and reacted. Tze the bounces we'll just cross multiply their sub scripts will put a three here. That, too here makes six auctions on both sides, but in doing so, we know after rebounds tasking the Korean There are two potassium and Corinne's responded to here. This is about chemical equation from decomposition of potassium chlorate. See says the decomposition of solid barium nitrate leads to the formation of solid barrett barium oxide, diatonic nitrogen gas and die atomic oxygen gas can. We were at the equation for burying my treat earlier, and then this decompose from barium oxide plus like gas and oxygen gas. But again, this has to be balanced. One barium and the reactant ce one of the products to nitrogen ds to nitrogen sze six. Oxygen's in the reactant is but 123 products. Any time you have an even number of some Adam on one side of the equation and an odd number on the product side of the reaction of the other side of the reaction and where one of the contributors of that Adam can only contribute an odd number of that Adam. So, for example, here only one oxygen. So if we're going to have an even number of oxygen in the products, you know that this chemical has to be multiplied by an even number said that there is both an even number of the Adam and the reactions of the products that has become more clear in a moment. So if that's true, we can multiply this by two. That at least gives us an even number of oxygen's to match this. So let's now go back and double check the bouncing. We have to bury ums, So I wanted to hear the increased number of Oxygen's, but it's still, even though we can balance that out with this even number of auctions. Over here, let's get going to bury a mes still to nitrogen sze, and now we have six times to 12. Oxygen's two are coming from here. That means 10 have to come from here. So that was that with a five, and I should say we forgot that the there to nitrogen is that I forgot this multiplied by two. So there's two here, So two times two is four nitrogen ZX, two times two is four nights. Trance dances the balance chemical equation for the decomposition of solid barium nitrate. And then finally, in de asteroid, separate equations for the reactions of solid medals magnesium, aluminum and iron with di atomic oxygen gas to deal the corresponding metal oxides. So first was to back me. Zero. We have magnesium solid reacting with oxygen to form magnesium oxide. Now magnesium is plus two oxygen and say, Um and I like for Ms minus two sisters simply just m g o. Now this picture it's balanced. One magnesium on magnesium to oxygen's the only one here. Most play this times two, but now we have to go back and adjust mean easy to bounced reaction for magnesium. Next, let's do aluminum. Yes, we have a little more. What's oxygen we have again ex mind. And now aluminum has a plus three charge, and oxygen has in mind is to charge. So we just swapped those numbers to make the sub scripts spee, too. And three, this is aluminum oxide and let's go back in balance to looms one of them. But we also probably the oxygen's. Let's take care of that first. If there's two auctions here. Three here Loves Come multiple six. What's by this times? Two. This times three. Now we have two times 24 aluminum's great finally ready to, ah, direction of iron solid iron with extra years, which yields iron oxide. And now it tells us in the question that we're going to assume iron has the plus three oxidation. State says Speed plus three in auction again, still minus two. Smoke bones. The subgroups iron, too. Auction three Here. Ellen's bounce. We have to iron one iron, and we also have to auctions. Three. Oxygen's to the Oxygen's first gun laws come multiple 62 times three is six oxygen's and three times to get six options. Now we have four irons grounds that with the four

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