Combustion of hydrogen supplies a great deal of energy per...

Combustion of hydrogen supplies a great deal of energy per gram. One challenge in designing hydrogen-powered vehicles is storing hydrogen. The pressure limit for carbon fiber-reinforced gas cylinders is 10,000 psi $(1 \text { atm }=14.7 \text { psi }) .$ A fuel tank capable of holding up to $10 \mathrm{kg}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ is required to meet a reasonable driving range for a vehicle. If we limit the volume of the fuel tank to $400 \mathrm{L}$, what pressure must the hydrogen be under at $300 \mathrm{K} ?$ Does your answer conform to the safety requirements?

Key Concepts

Gas Compression and Storage

The principles of gas compression and storage involve understanding how reducing volume increases pressure under constant temperature and amount of gas, as described by the ideal gas law. This concept is critical when designing compact fuel tanks and ensuring efficient storage, especially when dealing with fuels that offer high energy per unit mass.

Pressure Vessel Safety

Pressure vessel safety is a key consideration in engineering, focusing on the design and operation of containers that hold gases at high pressures. Adhering to established pressure limits is vital to avoid mechanical failure and ensure safe operation, which involves understanding material properties, design constraints, and regulatory standards.

Ideal Gas Law

The ideal gas law (PV = nRT) is a fundamental principle that relates pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a gas. It is crucial for predicting how a gas will behave under different conditions and is widely applied in calculations involving gas storage and compression in various engineering and scientific contexts.

Mole-Mass Conversion

Converting between mass and the number of moles using the molar mass is an essential concept in chemistry. It allows one to determine the number of gas particles present from a given mass, which is necessary for applying the ideal gas law and for quantitative analysis in chemical processes.

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