Complete the following nuclear equations. Write the mass...

Complete the following nuclear equations. Write the mass number and atomic number for the remaining particle, as well as its symbol. (a) $^{54}_{26} \mathrm{Fe}+_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \longrightarrow 2_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+?$ (b) $_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \longrightarrow_{15}^{30} \mathrm{P}+?$ (c) $^{32}_{16} \mathrm{S}+\frac{1}{0} \mathrm{n} \longrightarrow_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}+?$ (d) $_{42}^{96} \mathrm{Mo}+_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H} \longrightarrow_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+?$ (e) $_{42}^{98} \mathrm{Mo}+_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} \longrightarrow_{43}^{99} \mathrm{Tc}+?$ (f) $^{18}_{9} \mathrm{F} \longrightarrow^{18}_{8} \mathrm{Q}+?$

Complete the following nuclear equations. Write the mass number and atomic number for the remaining particle, as well as its symbol.
(a) $^{54}_{26} \mathrm{Fe}+_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \longrightarrow 2_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+?$
(b) $_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \longrightarrow_{15}^{30} \mathrm{P}+?$
(c) $^{32}_{16} \mathrm{S}+\frac{1}{0} \mathrm{n} \longrightarrow_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}+?$
(d) $_{42}^{96} \mathrm{Mo}+_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H} \longrightarrow_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+?$
(e) $_{42}^{98} \mathrm{Mo}+_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} \longrightarrow_{43}^{99} \mathrm{Tc}+?$
(f) $^{18}_{9} \mathrm{F} \longrightarrow^{18}_{8} \mathrm{Q}+?$

Key Concepts

Nuclear Equation Notation

Nuclear reactions are expressed using a standard notation where the element’s symbol is accompanied by two numbers: the mass number (displayed as a superscript) and the atomic number (displayed as a subscript). This notation provides a concise way to represent the identity of the nuclear species and is essential for correctly analyzing and balancing the equations involved in nuclear processes.

Balancing Nuclear Reactions

This concept refers to the systematic approach of ensuring that the same types and numbers of particles are present before and after a nuclear reaction. By applying the conservation laws of both mass number and atomic number, one can determine any unknown particles or missing reactants/products in a given nuclear equation. This process is fundamental to verifying the validity of nuclear reaction schemes and understanding the mechanisms underlying nuclear transformations.

Conservation Laws in Nuclear Reactions

This concept involves the principle that both the mass number (total number of nucleons) and the atomic number (number of protons) must be conserved in any nuclear reaction. In completing nuclear equations, one ensures that the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers are equal on both sides of the equation, which governs the stability and feasibility of a nuclear process.

Transcript

00:01 Here we have several nuclear processes, and we are asked to complete the nuclear reactions, the nuclear equations.

00:08 To do this, we need to make sure that the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers are the same on both sides.

00:14 So we have a total of 58 on the left -hand side and a total of 2 times 1, 2 on the right -hand side.

00:23 So we're going to need another 56.

00:26 And then we look at the atomic numbers.

00:30 Of 26 plus 2, so that's 28, and on the right hand side, nothing, so we just put 28.

00:36 Then we go and look up what has an atomic number of 28, and that's nickel.

00:42 For the next one, we look at aluminum 27 plus 1 alpha particle.

00:49 We have a total of 31 for our mass number, and on the right hand side, we have just 30, so we're going to need 1 more, and then we have 15.

01:01 15 on the left hand side, 15 on the right hand side, so we just need a zero.

01:05 Something that has a mass of 1 and no charge then would be a neutron.

01:11 And we have sulfur 32, and it's bombarded with a neutron, so we have a total of 33 for the mass number on the left hand side.

01:20 With what is given, we only have a mass of 1 on the right hand side, so we need 32 more.

01:28 Then we look at our 16 and 0, so we've got 16.

01:32 On the left hand side, one on the right hand side, so we need 15 more.

01:35 We look at the periodic table and the element with an atomic number of 15 is phosphorus...

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