Complete the following table for the three naturally occurring isotopes of silicon, the major co

step 1 We have three isotopes of silicon written across the top. I've recreated the chart. And the easi

Complete the following table for the three naturally...

Key Concepts

Isotopic Abundance

Isotopic abundance refers to the percentage of each isotope present in a naturally occurring sample of an element. It is important for determining the element's atomic weight, as the weighted average of the isotopic masses is calculated based on these abundances.

Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This results in different mass numbers while maintaining similar chemical properties. In the context of naturally occurring elements, different isotopes contribute to an element's average atomic mass.

Mass Number

The mass number is the total count of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. It is used to differentiate between isotopes of the same element, as each isotope has a distinct mass number due to its unique neutron count.

Atomic Mass

The atomic mass of an isotope represents its mass expressed in atomic mass units and is generally a decimal value that accounts for the binding energy of the nucleus. When combined with isotopic abundances for all isotopes of an element, it yields the element’s average atomic mass.

Transcript

00:01 We have three isotopes of silicon written across the top.

00:05 I've recreated the chart.

00:07 And the easiest way for to go about this is to take one of the isotopes and talk about what the numbers stand for.

00:14 So we'll start with the silicon that had 28 and 14.

00:19 That number on the top, in the top left corner, is called the mass number.

00:24 This is not the same thing as the atomic mass or the molar mass that's written on the periodic table.

00:32 The mass number is not on the periodic table.

00:37 It's something that has to be given to you for a specific isotope.

00:42 Its actual meaning is it's the combination of the protons plus the neutrons.

00:51 Underneath, we have the atomic number.

00:56 This is on the periodic table.

00:59 It's the whole number, and it defines how many protons there are.

01:05 So this is like how hydrogen is number one, helium is two, lithium is three, and so forth.

01:12 Those are your atomic numbers.

01:16 So for starters then, filling in our chart, the first row will be quite easy.

01:20 It's just the lower number, your atomic number, that's just the bottom number.

01:25 And for all of these, it's going to be 14 because the atomic number defines which element we're talking about.

01:34 So silicon is always 14, no matter what isotope we have.

01:39 Next we've got the mass number.

01:41 Mass number is the one up top, right? so for their first one, it's 28, and then 29, and then 30.

01:54 Next we have our number of protons...

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