Consider four transformers (A, B, C, and D) for which the...

Consider four transformers (A, B, C, and D) for which the voltage in the primary coil is $V_{\mathrm{p}}$, the number of loops in the primary coil is $N_{\mathrm{p}}$, and the number of loops in the secondary coil is $N_{\mathrm{s}}$. Rank the transformers in order of increasing voltage in the secondary coil. Indicate ties where appropriate. $$ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text { Transformer } & \boldsymbol{V}_{p}(\mathbf{V}) & \boldsymbol{N}_{p} & \boldsymbol{N}_{s} \\ \hline \text { A } & 100 & 20 & 100 \\ \hline \text { B } & 100 & 100 & 20 \\ \hline \text { C } & 20 & 50 & 50 \\ \hline \text { D } & 50 & 400 & 800 \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Consider four transformers (A, B, C, and D) for which the voltage in the primary coil is $V_{\mathrm{p}}$, the number of loops in the primary coil is $N_{\mathrm{p}}$, and the number of loops in the secondary coil is $N_{\mathrm{s}}$. Rank the transformers in order of increasing voltage in the secondary coil. Indicate ties where appropriate.
$$
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline \text { Transformer } & \boldsymbol{V}_{p}(\mathbf{V}) & \boldsymbol{N}_{p} & \boldsymbol{N}_{s} \\
\hline \text { A } & 100 & 20 & 100 \\
\hline \text { B } & 100 & 100 & 20 \\
\hline \text { C } & 20 & 50 & 50 \\
\hline \text { D } & 50 & 400 & 800 \\
\hline
\end{array}
$$

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Key Concepts

Turns Ratio

The turns ratio is the ratio of the number of winding turns in the secondary coil to the number of turns in the primary coil. This ratio directly determines how the input voltage is transformed into the output voltage, following the equation V? = (N?/N_p) × V?, where V? is the primary voltage and V? is the secondary voltage.

Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction. It consists of primary and secondary coils wound around a magnetic core, and its operation is based on the principle that a changing current in the primary coil generates a changing magnetic field, which in turn induces a voltage in the secondary coil.

Step-Up and Step-Down Transformers

Step-up transformers have a secondary coil with more turns than the primary coil, thereby increasing the voltage from the primary to the secondary. In contrast, step-down transformers have fewer turns in the secondary coil compared to the primary, resulting in a lower secondary voltage relative to the primary voltage.

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