Consider the phase diagram for sulfur shown here. The...

Consider the phase diagram for sulfur shown here. The rhombic and monoclinic states are two solid states with different structures.
a. Below what pressure does solid sulfur sublime?
b. Which of the two solid states of sulfur is most dense?

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Key Concepts

Phase Diagram

A phase diagram is a graphical representation that shows the stability regions of different phases of a substance as a function of variables such as temperature and pressure. It allows one to determine the conditions under which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas, and to identify the boundaries where phase transitions occur.

Sublimation

Sublimation is the process in which a solid transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. This phenomenon occurs under conditions where the pressure is below the triple point of the substance, meaning that the temperature and pressure conditions do not allow the liquid phase to be stable.

Solid-State Allotropy

Solid-state allotropy refers to the existence of different crystal forms of an element in its solid phase. These different structural forms can have distinct physical properties, such as density, melting point, and stability, even though they are composed of the same element.

Density

Density in solids is a measure of how closely packed the particles are within a material. In the context of different solid forms, variations in crystal structure and bonding can lead to differences in density, with more compact structures being more dense than less compact forms.

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